الملخص

Background:    The relationship between diabetes and acid related mucosal damage has been studied in many previous researches. There is no obvious idea about how much the diabetes disease can affect acidic mucosal secretions and the relation with gastric mucosal damage. Many theories about effect of diabetes disease itself or anti diabetic drugs on the gastric acid secretions and mucosa. The aim of study: To evaluate the effect of DM on secretion of gastric acid in the stomach and the effect of DM on mucosal damage in the stomach. Design: The study of Case-Control was adapted. Methodology: The study of Case-Control was conducted from January 2018 till May 2018 in endoscopic unit in AL-_Salam Teaching Hospital ,database surveyed 90 patients, 43 diabetic and 47 non-diabetic  patients who complain from upper GI symptoms (Gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD), epigastric pain, dyspepsia, upper GI bleeding)   undergoing Oesophageo-Gastro-Duodenoscopy (OGD) and measurement of gastric PH by using PH kit. A multitude of acid-related afflictions have been identified, encompassing a wide range of expressions such as acid reflux, ulcers, strictures, inflammations, bile reflux, bleeding sites, and erosions. Results: Intriguingly, despite experiencing upper GI symptoms, there were no discernible disparities in mucosal damage between the two groups. However, upon closer examination, it becomes evident that diabetic patients are at a comparable risk of acid-related damage as non-diabetic patients. Astonishingly, this risk persists even after accounting for factors such as acid reflux, gender, and age. Conclusion: A remarkable finding emerged from our study - the risk of acid-linked mucosal damage showed no significant variation, even after accounting for potential confounding factors. Surprisingly, our data challenges the notion of a lower threshold for conducting endoscopy in diabetic patients. This discovery urges us to reevaluate our assumptions and delve deeper into the intricate relationship between acid levels and mucosal damage in this specific population.